太赫兹科学技术在光谱、成像、传感、生物医药、安全检测等方面展现出了巨大的应用潜力和价值。基于新材料和新机理，研发高效、超宽带和低成本的太赫兹光子学器件是太赫兹科学技术的重要挑战。近年来的研究表明，太赫兹光子学和超快自旋电子学深度交叉，获得了很大的关注。本文对超快太赫兹自旋光电子学所研究的物理机理和器件设计应用进行讨论。在物理机理研究方面，阐明了太赫兹脉冲为研究超快自旋电子学提供强大工具，实现了太赫兹驱动自旋波，探测自旋输运和超快磁测量。在器件设计与应用方面，介绍了基于自旋的新型太赫兹光子学器件，包括自旋太赫兹辐射源的优化方法，自旋太赫兹调制器的工作原理，自旋太赫兹探测器的设计方案。超快太赫兹自旋光电子学不仅有助于人们理解宏观自旋电子学现象背后的微观物理机制，而且有望实现高效的太赫兹光子学器件和光谱学应用。

基于超快时间分辨光谱实验手段，研究了化学气相沉积（chemical vapor deposition，CVD）生长的ReS₂薄膜的超快载流子动力学和太赫兹发射。分别利用光泵浦探测和光泵浦太赫兹发射两套系统对ReS₂薄膜进行了测试，结果表明：ReS₂薄膜具有超快的载流子热化过程和亚纳秒量级的复合过程；在飞秒激光泵浦下能够产生频谱宽度为2.5 THz的太赫兹辐射。通过分析太赫兹辐射随泵浦光入射角改变而出现极性相反的现象，得出ReS₂薄膜产生太赫兹辐射的主要机制为表面场效应。研究结果不仅有助于理解ReS₂薄膜对超快激光脉冲的瞬态响应，而且为太赫兹光子器件（如太赫兹发射器等）的研究设计提供了重要参考。

Based on Kogelnik’s coupled-wave theory, it is found that when a femtosecond pulse is incident on a transmitted volume holographic grating, two transverse standing waves along the grating vector direction will be generated inside the volume holographic grating (VHG). Due to field localization of two standing waves, they have two different velocities along the propagation depth. On the output plane of the VHG, femtosecond dual pulses are generated in both the diffracted and transmitted directions. Results show that the pulse interval is determined by the refractive index modulation and thickness of the grating, while the waveform of the dual pulses is independent of the grating parameters.

Spatio-temporal coupling characteristics of ultrafast laser pulses are quantitatively tailored. An asymmetric microstructure is induced in the focal volume when the laser scans perpendicularly to the direction of the spatial chirp in fused silica. The tilted direction reverses when adding a Dove prism into the light path. The sign of the pulse front tilt can be turned from positive to negative by changing the group delay dispersion by steps. We reveal that the tilted direction of a microstructure depends on spatial chirp, and the interplay between spatio-temporal chirp leads to the change of tilted angles.